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摘  要：由于复合材料具有组成多元、各向异性等特点，电热载荷作用下其材料内部的响应行为十分复杂。本文采用自制电热损伤试验平台，测试了在不同电流强度下碳纤维复丝试样的表面温度分布，并获得了碳纤维复丝电阻随温度的变化规律，初步揭示了碳纤维复丝具有温敏效应（NTC) 。考察了不同电流处理条件下，碳纤维复丝拉伸强度、拉伸模量和断裂延伸率的变化规律，并运用扫描电子显微镜和红外光谱对电流处理前后材料的微观结构和形貌变化进行了分析研究。研究结果表明：纤维在通电过程中的产热效应促进了基体的进一步固化，同时提高了复丝界面的粘结性能；当纤维电流过大时，复丝拉伸强度会因纤维本体损伤或基体及界面层的烧蚀破坏而降低。

关键词：复合材料；电热损伤；温敏效应；界面性能；拉伸性能

Abstract: carbon fiber composite materials  were electrically conductive and electrically anisotropic at the macroscale  due to complexities of its composition and structure. Therefore, simultaneous application of electric current to such materials were bringing profound changes of  composition and internal structure. In this work, an investigation of the effects of electric current on the tensile property of electrified resin/carbon multifilament was  presented.  An automatic test equipment for real time measurements of the electric current, resistance, and temperature  field of electrified carbon multifilament specimens were measured by self-devised damage test device.  It is found that the carbon multifilament has strong NTC(negative temperature coefficient) effect. The change rules of tensile strength, tensile elastic modulus and breaking elongation under different current applications were  investigated. The Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope were used to analyze the changes of the microstructure and surface morphology before and after electric current treatment. The results indicates that the materaial properties  and interfacial adhesion of carbon fiber multifilament is  imporved with the current treatment(I=0.4A). Higher current application has a detrimental effect on the materaial properties of  the composites.

Key words：composite; electric-thermal-damage; temperature sensibility; interfacial properties; tensile properties

通讯作者：纪朝辉，中国民航大学  天津市民用航空器适航与维修重点实验室，天津