1.基本术语 铸造 foundry, founding, casting 铸造工艺 foundry technology 铸件 casting 砂型铸造 sand casting process 特种铸造 special casting process
2. 合金性能 流动性 fluidity 充型能力 mold-filling capacity 吸气 gas absorption 过冷 undercooling supercooling 过冷度 degree of undercooling 成核 nucleation 自发成核(均质成核) homogeneous nucleation 非自发成核(非均质成核)heterogeneous nucleation 凝固温度范围 solidification range 定向凝固(顺序凝固) directional solidification 液态收缩(液体收缩) liquid contraction 凝固收缩 solidification contraction 固态收缩(固体收缩) solid contraction 凝固时间 solidification time 自由收缩 free contraction 受阻收缩 hindered contraction 铸件线收缩率 shrinkage 收缩应力 contraction stress 热应力 thermal stress 相变应力 transformation stress,phase change stress 铸造应力 casting stress 残留应力(残余应力) residual stress
3. 铸造用材料 3.1. 金属原材料 金属原材料 metallic raw material 生铁 pig iron 铁合金 ferro-alloy 回炉料 foundry returns 中间合金 master alloy 3.2. 燃料 铸造焦炭 foundry coke 冶金焦炭 metallurgical coke 固定碳 fixed carbon
3.3. 熔剂 熔剂 flux 除气熔剂(除气剂) degassing flux 覆盖熔剂(覆盖剂) covering flux 精炼熔剂(精炼剂) refining flux 耐火度(耐火性) refractoriness 耐火砖 firebrick 耐火粘土 fireclay 硅砖 silica brick 镁砂 grain magnesite
3.4. 造型材料 造型材料 molding material 砂 sand 水洗砂 washed-out sand 硅砂 silica sand 天然砂 natural sand 人工砂 artificial sand 天然粘土砂 naturally clay-bonded sand 橄榄石砂 olivine sand 铬铁矿砂 chromite sand 锆砂 zircon sand 炭粒砂 carbon sand 精硅砂 sharp sand 红砂 red sand 熟料砂 chamotte sand 粘结剂 binder 粘土 clay 无机粘结剂 inorganic binder 有机粘结剂 organic binder 高岭土 kaolin 膨润土 bentonite 钠基膨润土 sodium bentonite 钙基膨润土 calcium bentonite 活化膨润土 activated bentonite 干性油 drying oil 硬粘结剂(冷硬粘结剂) no bake binder 热固树脂粘结剂 thermosetting resin binder 油类粘结剂 oil based binder 水玻璃粘结剂 water glass binder, sodium silicate binder 纸浆废液 lignin liquor 合脂粘结剂 synthetic fat binder 水玻璃模数 sodium silicate modulus
3.5. 辅助材料 附加物 additives 发热剂 exothermic mixture 分型剂(脱模剂) parting agent,stripping agent 固化剂(硬化剂)hardener 悬浮剂suspending agent 涂料 coating 型砂制备(砂处理) sand preparation 混砂 sand mulling, sand mixing 型砂(造型混合料) molding sand 芯砂(造芯混合料) core sand 合成砂 synthetic sand 自硬砂 self-hardening sand 水玻璃砂 sodium silicate-bonded sand 覆膜砂 precoated sand 烂砂泥(麻泥) loam 调匀砂 temper sand 面砂 facing sand 背砂(填充砂) backing sand 单一砂 unit sand 含泥量 clay content 含水量 moisture content 旧砂 floor sand 枯砂(焦砂) burnt sand 废砂 waste sand 热砂 hot sand 松砂 aeration , sand-cutting 筛分(筛析) screen analysis 旧砂处理 sand reconditioning 旧砂再生 sand reclamation 沉降分选 elutriation, decantation 型砂性能及试验 型砂试验 sand testing 透气性 permeability 流动性 flowability 型砂强度 sand strength 湿强度 green strength 干强度 dry strength 耐用性(复用性) durability 砂型(芯)硬度 mold hardness 热变形 hot deformation 残留强度 retained strength 热强度 hot strength 韧性 toughness 发气率(发气速度) gas evolution rate 发气性(发气量) gas evolution 吸湿性 moisture absorption 落砂性 knock-out capability 潰散性 collapsibility 胶质价 colloid index 破碎指数 shatter index 热气流烘砂装置 hot pneumatic tube drier 混砂机 sand muller, sand mixer 松砂机 aerator, sand cutter 冷却提升机 cooling elevator, coolevator 筛砂机 riddle 磁力滚筒 magnetic separator 旧砂再生设备 sand reclamation 气力输送装置 pneumatic tube conveyor
4. 铸造合金 4.1. 铸铁 铸铁 cast iron 铸铁石墨形态 morphology of graphite in cast iron 灰铸铁(灰口铸铁) gray cast iron 白口铸铁 white cast iron 麻口铸铁 mottled cast iron 共晶度 degree of saturation 碳当量 carbon equivalent 初生石墨 primary graphite 孕育铸铁 inoculated cast iron 球墨铸铁 spheroidal graphite cast iron, nodular graphiteiron, ductile iron 球状石墨 spheroidal graphite, nodular graphite 可锻铸铁 malleable cast iron 黑心可锻铸铁 black heart malleable cast iron 珠光体可锻铸铁 pearlitic malleable cast iron 铁素体可锻铸铁 ferritic malleable cast iron 白心可锻铸铁 white heart malleable cast iron 团絮石墨 tempered graphite 冷硬铸铁(激冷铸铁) chilled iron 耐磨铸铁 wear resisting cast iron 耐热铸铁 heat resisting cast iron 耐酸铸铁 acid resisting cast iron 高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron 蠕墨铸铁 vermicular cast iron,compacted graphite cast iron 蠕虫状石墨 vermicular graphite 合金铸铁 alloy cast iron
4.2. 铸钢 铸钢 cast steel 炭素铸钢 carbon cast iron 低合金铸钢 low alloy cast steel 高锰钢 high manganese steel 铁素体钢 ferritic steel 铸造非铁合金 青铜 bronze 铅青铜 lead bronze 铝青铜 aluminum bronze 黄铜 brass 铝铜合金 aluminum-copper alloy 铝镁合金 aluminum-magnesium alloy 铝硅合金 aluminum-silicon alloy 镁合金 magnesium alloy 轴承合金(减摩合金) bearing metal, antifrictional metal 巴氏合金 babbitt alloy 钛合金 titanium alloy
5. 熔炼工艺及设备 5.1. 熔炼基本术语 熔化(熔炼) melting 重熔 remelting 炉料 charge 熔化率 melting rate 炉料计算 charge calculation 双联熔炼 duplexing 元素烧损(元素烧损率) melting losses of various chemical elements 熔炼损耗(烧损) total melting loss 还原气氛 reducing atmosphere 氧化气氛 oxidizing atmosphere 惰性气体 inert gas 碱度(碱性指数) index of basicity 碱性渣 basic slag 酸性渣 acid slag 精炼 refining 遗传性 heredity 风口比 tuyere ratio 有效高度 effective height 送风强度 blast intensity 预热送风 hot blast 底焦 coke bed 层焦 coke split 隔焦(结力焦) buffer coke charge 炉衬 furnace lining 碱性炉衬 basic lining 酸性炉衬 acid lining 棚料 bridging 熔池 bath 吸碳 carbon pick-up 铁焦比(焦比) iron-coke ratio 出渣 deslagging 打炉 cupola drop
5.2. 铸钢 氧化熔炼法 oxidizing melting 不氧化熔炼法 dead melting 真空熔炼 vacuum refining 电渣熔炼 electro-slag melting 熔渣 slag 沉渣 sludge 浮渣 dross, cinder 氧化期(沸腾期) oxidizing stage,boil 还原期 deoxidizing stage,blocking stage 还原渣 reducing slag 氧化渣 oxidizing slag 白渣 white slag 脱氧 deoxidation 扒渣 slagging- off 脱碳 decarburization 脱硫 desulphurization 脱磷 dephosphorization 增碳 recarburizing 脱氧剂 deoxidizer 挥发损耗 volatilizing losses 静置 stewing, holding 吹氮 nitrogen flushing
5.3. 熔炼设备 冲天炉 cupola 水冷冲天炉 water-cooled cupola 热风冲天炉 hot-blast cupola 湿法除尘器 wet cap 炉缸 cupola well 前炉 forehearth 冲天炉加料机 cupola charging machine 爬式加料机 skip hoist 电磁配铁称 electro-magnetic weighing balancer 电磁盘 electromagnetic chuck 电弧炉(直接电弧炉) arc furnace,direct arc furnace 感应电炉 electric induction furnace 电渣炉 electroslag furnace 电磁搅拌electromagnetic agitation 浇包 ladle 摇包 shaking ladle 底注包 bottom pouring ladle 保温炉holding furnace 坩埚炉crucible furnace 孕育 inoculation 多孔塞法 porous plug process 变质 modification 墨化剂 graphitizer 过热 superheating 石墨球化处理 nodularizing treatment of graphite 碳当量仪eutectometer 三角试块 wedge test-piece 真空除气vacuum degassing
5.4. 浇注 浇注 pouring 保护气氛浇注 pouring under controlled atmosphere 浇注速度 pouring rate 浇注温度 pouring temperature 浇注时间 pouring time 浇注位置 pouring position 型内孕育 inmold inoculation 压铁 weight 捣冒口 churning, pumping 点冒口(补注) teeming 浸入式高温计 immersion pyremeter 补炉 patching 炉龄(炉衬寿命) campaign
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